Meshtastic Node Project

What is Meshtastic?!

Meshtastic is a free, open-source communication system that allows people to send text messages and share locations even when there’s no cell service or Wi-Fi available. It works using small, portable devices called “Meshtastic radios” that connect with each other to form a mesh network. This means each device can send messages not just directly to one another but also pass them along through other devices in the network, expanding its range. It’s perfect for outdoor adventures, remote areas, or emergency situations where traditional communication networks aren’t accessible.   It supports encryption and has excellent battery use.   More information available at the Meshtastic website:    https://www.meshtastic.org

OK Let’s go!  

Firmware Flashing/ Walkthrough Video Series:

Node Parts Overview
Node Assembly
Firmware Flashing
Device Final Configuration

EDIT (11-April-2025) – Firmware for the T114v2 for post-kernelcon flashing is available here:  firmware-heltec-mesh-node-t114-2.6.4.b89355f.uf2

The QR code referenced in the video above has been removed – it was meant to be used during the Kernelcon 2025 conference only to help avoid flooding the at-large public mesh with new nodes and inexperienced users. 

The latest meshtastic firmware for any device can always be found at the Meshtashtastic Webflasher Page

Understanding Network Congestion in Meshtastic

Meshtastic is a decentralized, long-range, low-power mesh communication system that uses LoRa (Long Range) radio technology. Because these devices operate on unlicensed frequencies with limited bandwidth, careful network configuration is essential to prevent congestion.

What is Network Congestion?

Network congestion occurs when too many devices are sending data simultaneously, overwhelming the available bandwidth. In a Meshtastic network, congestion can cause:

  • Increased message delays

  • Lost messages

  • Poor overall network performance

This happens because LoRa has limited data transmission capacity, and excessive traffic can interfere with message delivery.

During the Kernelcon Conference — Why Did We Use MediumFast Instead of LongFast?

By default, Meshtastic often uses the LongFast preset, which is optimized for longer range and reliability but can lead to more congestion due to its higher airtime usage. MediumFast provides a balance between range and efficiency:

  • Shorter airtime per message → Reduces congestion

  • More available network capacity → Helps multiple users communicate without delays

  • Still maintains good range → Ensures reliable connectivity within our workshop area

Why Keep the “Client” Role?

The “client” role means devices only send and receive messages but do not act as relays (repeaters). This prevents unnecessary retransmissions, further reducing congestion and keeping the network responsive, but can cause congestion if your node is functioning in an area that is well-covered by existing repeaters or other nodes.

 

Return to “default” configuration after Kernelcon

For this workshop, we are using MediumFast instead of LongFast to ensure that messages get through efficiently without overwhelming the network. This setup keeps communication smooth while still maintaining a reasonable range for our project.

After leaving Kernelcon, a simple factory reset of your meshtastic node will allow you to re-configure it to LongFast mode, and you can explore the options of using the various radio modes.   Perhaps “client” mode will be best for your situation, but perhaps another mode such as “client mute” would be optimal for coverage and limiting congestion.  (Radio role notes HERE)

Factory Reset Instructions:

Reset/Default – Using the Meshtastic App (Easiest Method)

This method is ideal for users who have the Meshtastic app installed on their phone or computer.

Step 1: Connect to Your Device

  1. Open the Meshtastic App on your phone (Android/iOS) or computer.

  2. Ensure your Meshtastic device is powered on.

  3. Connect your phone/computer to the device via Bluetooth or USB.

Step 2: Reset the Device

  1. In the app, navigate to Settings.

  2. Scroll down and look for the Factory Reset option.

  3. Tap Factory Reset and confirm when prompted.

  4. The device will reboot and restore to default settings.

 

References and helpful links:

Meshtastic info from The Comms Channel: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZsIWyVzqJPM

Meshtastic Project: https://www.meshtastic.org